Pile fabric for abrasive base



April 2, 1946. lT. RIDING 2,397,808

PILE FABRIC FOR ABRASIVE BASE Filed NOV. 8, 1944v if? vedo Q y wgfqmwf and,

Patented Apr. 2, 1946 PI-LE FABRIC FOR ABRAIVE BASE Thomas Riding,

' GoodallfSanford,

poration of Maine Sanford, Maine, assignor to Inc., Sanford, Maine, a cor- ApplicationNovember 8, `1944, Serial No. 562,456 4 f pile tufts, to` stand erect and straight fromtne 2 claims.

This invention presents a 'novel constructionI of pile fabric to form the base' of an abrasive belt.

AThe pile fabric is designed to act as amatrix for, and to be coated on its face with, suitable abrasive material after themanner generally set forth in the patent to Colt et al. No. 2,347,244, April 25, 1944.

The object of the .present invention is to provide such a pilefabric base which shall be practically non-stretchable in the direction of the warps so that when'loaded with the abrasive and operated as a belt it will not stretch.

The object of the invention is further to provide a peculiar spacing of the pile tufts and a peculiar staggered relation thereof such that the abrasive When applied tothe base fabric willrbe evenly distributed throughout the area of Vthe pile face and so arranged that when the abrasive coated fabric is performing its intended function of an abrasive belt and is transversely curved progressively, as it passes around the supporting rolls, there will be no deleterious crackingxand the abrasive will be presented uniformly .and progressively to the work. \-,These and other objects and features ofthe invention will appear'more fully from the accom-- panying description anddrawing and -will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

" The drawing illustrates more or less diagrammatically and in `opened-up form the pilefabric construction embodying the invention. l

The invention makes use of a warp pile fabric of a generally familiar type in which the pile with the elements widely spacedand with the proportionsaltered for purposes of' illustration;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic'top plan viewof a section of the fabric for the purpose mainly of illustrating the arrangement of the pile tufts.

The fabric is made up of a set of pile warps, a set of slack warps, a set of non-stretchable ground warps, and a filling. The pile warps may be of suitable material andfor that purpose a yarn composed wholly or in part of mohair has been found most satisfactory because of the inground. i

The slack warps may also be made of any suit-n able material, but carded Vcotton yarn has been` found most satisfactory. The ground warps constitute a vital featureV of the fabric because it is upon them that the non-stretehable character of the fabric depends. 'I'hese warps are preferably made of mercerized cotton. These ground warps are much finer than the slack warp and are stabilized and stretchedvin their formation.r as

much as possible and during the Weaving .operai tion are maintained under as much tension as l .possible so that they weave and extend'straight in the fabric.` foundvydesirable, of "these ground warps weave as a single strand.` The fillingv may also be made ofany suitable materialbut preferably of a carded cotton yarn.v

In the weave each slack warp weaves at one side of andsinuously with a pile warp .and

y thus extends overy andV under successive filling warps are formedl into Ws vand as" the method i picks, while a plurality of the non-stretchable ground warps extend as a single strand straight at the. other side of the Weave and opposite to the pile warp under and over successive filling picks. The tension is somaintained during the Weaving operation that the ground warps are maintained straightand act to cause the filling picks or wefts, over which the slack and pile warps Weave, to extend substantially straight in a planeabove the ground warps and also vto cause the filling picks ork wefts, under which the slack and pile warps weave, to extend substantially.

straight in a .planebelow the ground warps.

The principle of the weave will appear from Fig. 1 in which a series of dents of the weave are illustrated and numberedy I, II, III, IV. In each herent tendency of the mohair fibre, and thus the dent is illustrated a slack warp I0, a series of pile warp W's .ll each formed in the usual manner on three filling picks and-having tufts I2 extending upright from the ground, and a series of four non-stretchable Aground warpslil forming a single strand. lIt `will beseen now that the construction is as already described, that is, throughout thewidth of the fabric a slack warp weaves at one side of and sinuously. Witha pile warp over and under the filling, while a strand composed of a plurality of the non-stretchable ground warps weaves at the other side of the pilewarp and opposite thereto,I that the ground warps extend straight throughout the fabric, and that the filling picks 2, 4, 6, and 8, over which the slack and pile warps bend, extend themselvesA straight and in a plane above the ground lwarps,

A plurality, four having ,been

`regular abrasive action.

while the filling picks I, 3, 5, and 1, under which abrasive, itself cracked, injured or broken as it the slack and pile warps bend, extend themselves straight and in a plane below the ground warps. In a particular construction of fabric found I highly satisfactory the filling is of 7/1 carded cotton yarn, the slack warps are /2 carded cotton yarn, the tight warps 20/2 mercerized cotton yarn. and the pile warps 2/20 mohair.

When the fabric is beaten up into its finished form in weaving the plurality of ground warps crowd together to form a compact strand and' rial, this abrasive material shall be evenly distributed throughout the surface. The projecting tufts and the spaces between the tufts covered with the abrasive material present an even uniform abrasive action when the fabric is acting as an abrasive belt and is progressively curved transversely in bending at its supporting wheels. Thus there is no deleterious cracking or4 opening y up of the abrasive or breaking and injury of the fabric base. Thisi result is secured by the construction illustrated in perspective in Fig. l and diagrammatically in plan infFig. 2. In Fig. 2 the filling picks are indicated and numbered I-8 and the longitudinal rows of pile tufts as they occur in each dent are indicatedby the numbers I, II,

Fig. 2 are indicated as blackdisks; The arrangement is that each pile warp forms` a w on three filling picks of each 'group of eight picks and that the centers of the. ws of the first, second, third and fourth pile warps in each repeat of four successive pile warps respectively overlie the sixth, second, eighth and fourth pick of each eight pick repeat, that is, in row I the centers of the ws extend over the sixth pick in each group of eight, in row 1I over the second pick of each group of eight, in row III over the eighth pick of each group of eight) and in row IV over the fourth pick of each group of eight. II A'hus the-pile tufts in successive transverse rows present a peculiar staggered relation and insure, as the fabric progressively advances in a longitudinal direction, that there shall be an even an 'I'he construction of the `fabric in accordance with this invention byl reason of the arrangement of the lling and the ground warps insures that the tufts of pile at each end of the W shall stand up vertically chiefly becausethe struction of the fabric is such that any such cracks are not regular transverse extensive passes around the belt-supporting wheels. Thus there is no deleterious transverse cracking.

The fabric. particularly by reason of the nonstretchable ground warps and also by the straight extension of the filling picks or wefts, is practically non-stretchable and thus presents a highly effective base for an abrasive belt. While this characteristic'is essentially due to the weave structure it is desirable that in all treatment and yhandling of the fabric until it is nished and coated with the abrasive the fabric shall be kept stretched longitudinally.

There is thus presented a novel, practical 'andv highlyeiective non-stretchabxle warp pile fabric to form the base of an abrasive belt.

Having thus described the invention, what'isl f claimed .as newand desired to be secured by LetL t tersPatent is:

1. A longitudinally non-stretchable warp pile fabric constructed to carry abrasive material without deleterious transverse cracking when curved transversely and to present the pile tufts of successlvetransverse rows in staggered relation con? f sisting of a set of pile warps, a set of slack warps.

a set of ground warp strands each composed of a plurality of non-stretchable ground warps, and a lling, in which each pile warp forms Ws on three lling picks of each repeat of eight picks with the centers of the ws ofthe first, second, l third and fourth pile warps in` each repeat of' four successive pile warps bent over respectively the sixth, second, eighth, and fourth pick of each eight `pick vrepeat in which a slack Warp weaves at one side of and sinuously with each pile warp over and under successive filling picks, and in whicha ground warp strand composed'of a plurality of the noi'i-stretchable ground warps extends straight in the fabricweavingat the other side of and opposite to `each pile warp under and over successive filling picks. fi g 2. A longitudinally non-stretchable warp pile fabric constructed to carry abrasive Ymaterial cracks, -nor is the fabric, heavily stiffened by the without deleterious transverse crackinggwhen curved transversely and to present the pile tufts vof successive transverse rows in staggered inklation consisting'of a set of pile wraps, a s slack warps, a set of ground warpstrands each com sed of a plurality of non-stretchable grgund warps relatively small as compared with the slack warps, and a filling, ink which each pile warp forms Ws on three filling picks of eachv repeat of eight picks with the pile tufts in successive transverse ,rows presenting a staggered relation, in which a slack warp weaves at one side of and sinuously with each pile warpk over and'under successive filling picks, and in which 'a ground warp strand composed of a .plurality of the nonstretchable ground warps extends straight in the fabric weaving at the other side of and opposite to each pile Warp under and over successive filling,

THOMAS RIDING. 

